Gear transmission refers to a set of devices that transmits movement and power by meshing the driving gear and driven gear directly. The gear motor transforms the high-speed rotation of the motor into the lower speed and higher torque required in mechanical equipment mainly by using several pairs of gears. Therefore, it is generally installed between the prime mover and the working machine to reduce the speed and transmit torque. Through more and more practice of gear motor assembly, the analysis and summary of common problems in the gearbox assembly procedure are beneficial to find problems quickly and accurately in daily work, and deal with them in time, thus improving assembly accuracy and overall machine quality.
Brief description of gearbox assembly procedure
1.1. Preparation
Get familiar with the process, drawings, and the positional relationship of the various parts of the product, clean up all the rust-proof oil, dust, chips and other dirt on the surface of all parts to prevent scratches and damage to the surface during assembly. And the main matching dimensions (such as inner hole, journal) should be re-examined, and the parts should be assembled after passing the test.
1.2. Assemble gear shaft components
When the shaft and gear fit are transitional fits, there will be a small amount of interference. If the interference is not large, use a tool (such as a copper rod) to tap and install it. When the interference is large, a press can be used to press fit. For gears with very large interference, the assembly method of hydraulic fitting or hot fitting is required. After the shaft and gear are assembled, make sure that the gear is close to the shaft shoulder at least 0.03-0.05m.
1.3. Assembly of the bearing on the gear shaft
When the assembled bearing is a special bearing, such as ZHAOWEI or other brand bearings, the axial clearance is related to the size and surplus of the inner hole. The bearing clearance can be adjusted according to the method described later. All bearings must be assembled close to the shaft shoulder or distance ring. The clearance is less than 0.02. The width of the oil inlet groove and the size of the oil hole of the ball bearing and double row bearing ring should be confirmed before assembly.
1.4. Leveling the gearbox body
Before the assembled gear shaft parts are hoisted on the box body, the gearbox body should be leveled first, and the box body is in a horizontal state, generally within 0.1mm.
1.5. Install the gear shaft components into the gear motor
Put the gear shaft components into the box, and after installing it on the box, check the clearance of all bearings. After passing the test, check the gear backlash. If it needs to be adjusted, it should be adjusted first. After passing the test, the gear grinding can be carried out.
1.6. Grind gear teeth
Coat the driving gear with a colorant (such as red powder, blue oil) by turning it by hand or rotating the motor at low speed, and check the contact area and contact position of the gear. If it is unqualified, it needs to be ground by the machine. The large gear should be ground as much as possible, and the teeth of the two gears that mesh with each other must not be repaired at the same time.
1.7. Cleaning
For the ground gears, the gears, casings, bearings and other parts should be thoroughly cleaned with kerosene, especially the bearings should be cleaned with clean gasoline, and then blown with a duct. After hoisting on the box, recheck the bearing clearance and whether the gear backlash has changed.
1.8. Close the box
Before closing the box, pay attention to whether the piping in the box interferes with the gear, whether the fuel injection position of the fuel pipe is correct, and whether the paint in the box is in place. The box can be closed after being checked and recognized as qualified. When closing the box, first install the taper pin for positioning, and then put the bolts. The bolts should be closed first, and the large bolts should be symmetrically closed from the middle of the box. The bolts should be closed according to the relevant torque requirements.
1.9. Test
Before the test, connect the lubrication pump station to make the lubrication pipeline of each lubrication point unblocked, the tooth surface is lubricated, and the motor is turned on, and the speed is rotated from slow speed for a period of time without abnormality, then the speed can be slowly increased until it reaches the test speed. The test run time is generally 4 hours, and the temperature change of each bearing position should be recorded every half an hour.
With the instructions above, you may have a basic idea of how to assemble a gearbox. If you don’t want to do the troublesome manual work by yourself, you can select a suitable finished gear motor by ZHAOWEI. It provides various gear motors. The diameter is between 3.4mm-38mm. The voltage is under 24V, the output power is under 50W, and the output speed is between 5rpm and 1500rpm. The reduction ratio is between 2-2000, and the output torque is between 1gf.cm and 50Kg.cm.
